Genomic integrity is essential for accurate gene expression and epigenetic inheritance. Environmental, exogenous/endogenous agents continuously damage human genome. The toxic effects of these factors induce lesions in DNA causing mutations and deletions in chromosomes resulting in genome instability that have immediate effect on cell function as well as long-term consequences. To counteract the deleterious effects of DNA lesions, cells have developed sophisticated genome caretaking mechanisms to overcome DNA damage through specialized network of DNA repair pathways regulated by DNA damage checkpoint proteins. These apical DNA damage checkpoint proteins regulate integrity of chromosomes through coordination of the cell cycle progression with DNA repair, DNA replication and recombination processes through induction of the DNA damage response (DDR). Improper repair of DSBs can lead to various developmental defects and become genesis of many modern diseases. Overall, we aim to study how cells respond to DNA damage and in addition understanding the mechanistic insights of how are distinct cellular processes coordinated in time for full restoration of genome integrity.